11 Sep 2025 : A new report published in The Lancet has raised serious concerns for India’s public health, revealing that while deaths from chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and heart disease are declining globally, India is witnessing an alarming surge.
The comprehensive study analyzed health data from over 180 countries between 2000 and 2024, focusing on mortality trends from non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The findings show that India is bucking the global trend, with NCD-related deaths increasing by nearly 15% in the last decade.
According to the report, cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death in India, accounting for nearly 28% of total fatalities. Diabetes-related complications have seen a sharp rise, particularly in urban populations, with sedentary lifestyles, poor diet, and lack of preventive screening driving the surge. Cancer incidence, too, has spiked, with breast, cervical, and lung cancers leading among the most commonly reported cases.
Global Context vs. Indian Reality
Globally, improvements in early detection, better access to medication, lifestyle awareness campaigns, and public health initiatives have contributed to a steady decline in NCD mortality rates. Countries like Japan, Canada, and Australia have seen significant reductions, thanks to comprehensive healthcare policies and preventive care infrastructure.
In India, however, experts point to underfunded public health systems, lack of mass screening programs, and low awareness levels as major reasons behind the opposite trend. The rural-urban divide further complicates the situation, as rural populations often face delayed diagnosis and limited treatment options.
Expert Opinions
Dr. Neeraj Mehta, a leading cardiologist, said:
“India is at a tipping point. We are seeing younger patients, often in their 30s and 40s, presenting with heart attacks and diabetes-related complications. This is a wake-up call for policymakers.”
Public health advocates are calling for urgent government action, including large-scale awareness campaigns, subsidized screening programs, and expansion of preventive healthcare facilities in Tier-2 and Tier-3 cities.
Economic & Social Impact
The rise in NCDs is not just a health concern but also an economic challenge. A joint study by WHO and World Bank estimates that India could lose $3.5 trillion in economic output by 2030 due to productivity losses linked to chronic diseases.
Path Forward
The Lancet report recommends multi-sectoral collaboration, including government, private healthcare, NGOs, and technology-driven interventions such as telemedicine and AI-based early detection tools. Adoption of healthier diets, promoting physical activity, and reducing air pollution (a significant contributor to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases) are also highlighted as key steps.
Summary:
A Lancet report warns India is witnessing a rise in cancer, diabetes, and heart disease deaths, defying global declines and highlighting urgent need for preventive